Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) is a fatal disease that could potentially lead to the loss of limbs, and residents fear the possibility of a full-blown outbreak as three new cases arise in the area’s teenage population in May 2021.
Throughout May, three teenagers in Manly have been diagnosed with IMD, and the local community fears that they might have an outbreak on their hands. Two more teenagers have since been tested. All of these cases have been linked to three junior rugby league clubs.
Though the disease does not spread easily, it is still contagious, spreading through secretions from the nose and throat of carriers. Close and prolonged contact could potentially pass the disease on from one person to another.
IMD occurs more commonly in people between the ages of 15 and 24, as well as children under the age of 5, however, it can affect everyone. According to Dr Michael Staff, Director of Public Health of the Northern Sydney Local Health District, the spreading of cases such as these are rare, however, early detection is crucial.
What is IMD?
Invasive Meningococcal Disease is a serious illness as it is both contagious and potentially fatal, manifesting as a severe infection brought about by a bacteria known as Neisseria Meningitidis which attack thin layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord known as meninges. What makes this disease deadly is how it can infect the blood.
Failure to treat IMD leads to death in 50% of cases, and even if the disease is caught and treated early, there is still a 10-15 per cent chance of death. Those who survive can potentially suffer from permanent brain damage, hearing loss, kidney failure, the loss of limbs, or chronic nervous system problems.
Symptoms of IMD include a high fever of over 40°C, headaches, vomiting, stiff necks, rash, sensitivity to light, confusion, and sleepiness. In some cases, rashes of red-purple spots and bruises also manifest, however it is usually the last symptom to appear. These symptoms can develop as quickly as a few hours, but usually develop over the course of one to two days.
Those who display signs and symptoms of IMD are encouraged to seek treatment immediately.
